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去年夏天,美国Medlmmune公司首次将重组卡介苗(BCG)用于人体试验.Medlmmune公司用遗传学方法改变BCG,使其能表达伯氏疏螺旋体的外表面蛋白A(ospA).改变后的BCG作为莱姆病菌苗正在测试之中.该公司的研究表明,小鼠吸入此菌苗(鼻腔免疫接种)后,诱导了抗伯氏疏螺旋体的全身及粘膜免疫.有趣的是导致莱姆病的伯氏疏螺旋体是一种血液传播的病原体,一般不接触粘膜免疫系统.可是,BCG能与呼吸道、胃肠道、生殖道和尿道粘膜上皮的“微褶”细胞特异性结合.因此,通常在粘膜系统中找不到的病原体蛋白,暴露于较强粘膜免疫应答中.
Last summer, Medlmmune, the US company, first used recombinant human BCG for human trials. Medlmmune genetically modified BCG to express the outer surface protein A (ospA) of Borrelia burgdorferi. The modified BCG, Mycotrust vaccine is under test and the company’s research shows that systemic and mucosal immunity against Borrelia burgdorferi is induced by inhalation of the vaccine (nasal vaccination) in mice Interestingly, Borrelia is a blood-borne pathogen that does not normally contact the mucosal immune system. However, BCG binds specifically to “microfold” cells of the respiratory, gastrointestinal, genital, and urethral mucosal epithelium. Therefore, Can not be found in the pathogen protein, exposed to a strong mucosal immune response.