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淀粉对人类生活十分重要，它不仅是人们的能量和营养来源，而且还是重要的工业原材料。对于淀粉合成过程及淀粉的加工、使用一直是淀粉研究的重点内容。淀粉的合成在最后阶段涉及到３个关键性的酶是：ＡＤＰＧ焦磷酸化酶、淀粉合成酶以及淀粉分支酶。它们分别催化ＡＤＰ－葡萄糖的形成、葡聚糖链的延伸以及分支链的形成。另外淀粉去分支酶对淀粉最终结构的形成也起到重要作用。本文将介绍上述４个酶近年来的生物化学和分子生物学研究进展，并在此基础上讨论利用基因工程改良淀粉品质的可能途径。
Starch is very important to human life, it is not only the source of energy and nutrition, but also an important industrial raw material. For the starch synthesis process and starch processing, the use of starch has been the focus of research. Three key enzymes involved in the final stages of starch synthesis are ADPG pyrophosphorylase, starch synthase and starch branching enzyme. They catalyze the formation of ADP-glucose, the extension of glucan chains, and the formation of branching chains, respectively. Starch de-branching enzymes also play an important role in the formation of the final starch structure. In this paper, we will introduce the progress of biochemistry and molecular biology research of these four enzymes in recent years, and on this basis we will discuss the possible ways to improve starch quality by genetic engineering.