细节,在文学作品中决不是细微末节,那些从丰富多采的现实生活中加工、提炼出来的富有特征性的细节描写,大都能够达到以小见大、寓意深刻,在揭示生活矛盾、塑造人物性格、表达作品的主题思想上起着相当重要的作用。现从鲁迅的短篇小说《故乡》中举出数例,略加分析。其一是描写特定环境或景物的。描写典型环境中的特定景物,创造某种气氛,或推动情节发展,或揭示人物心理状态,都能够起相当作用。《故乡》开始部分,写“我”冒着严寒,经过长途跋涉, Details in literary works are by no means nuanced. The detailed descriptions that have been processed and refined from the rich and varied real life can be achieved in large numbers and profound meanings, revealing contradictions in life and shaping characters. The theme of character and expression works plays a very important role. Here are a few examples from Lu Xun’s short story “Hometown” and a brief analysis. One is to describe a specific environment or scene. Depicting a particular scene in a typical environment, creating a certain atmosphere, or promoting the development of a plot, or revealing a person’s mental state can all play a considerable role. At the beginning of “Hometown”, I wrote “I” in a cold and long journey.