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《群言》一九八五年第五期刊登刘正埮先生的《干脆照抄原文行不通》,对吕叔湘先生的《不如干脆照抄原文》表示“不胜惊诧、不敢苟同”。两先生的讨论提出了一个新技术时代的专名音译问题。这个问题不仅中国在讨论,日本和欧美也在讨论。下面介绍一点新的情况,供参考。联合国地名标准化会议一九七七年决议采用汉语拼音字母作为拼写中国地名的国际标准,其中包括用拼音字母转写的维吾尔语、蒙古语和西藏语地名。例如“广州”写 Guangzhou,不写 Canton 或 Kwangchow;“呼和浩特”写 Hohhot,不写 Kweisui 或 Huhohaote。我国已经出版汉语拼音的中国地图和地名录,供国际应用。这是世界地名“单一罗马化”的一个构成部分。“单一罗马化”的原则是:用罗马字母作为文字的国家,以本国拼写法为标准,例如意大利的 Napoli,英文写成 Naples,要以意大利文为标准;正式文字不用罗马字母的国家,以法定的或习惯的罗马字母拼写法为标准,例如中国以汉语拼音方案为标准,日本以“训令式”拼写法为标准,俄文有转写罗马字母的标准。世界地名的“单一罗马化”经过半个世纪以上的提倡,终于实现,这给国际邮电、国际贸易、国际航空,科技资料、电脑信息网络,提供了方便条件。
“Group Speech” published in the fifth issue of 1985, Mr. Liu Zhengtao’s “simply copy the original text does not work,” Lv Shuxiang’s “not as good as simply copy the original text,” said “very surprised, do not agree.” The discussions of the two gentlemen raised the issue of the proper name transliteration in a new technological era. This issue is not only discussed by China, but also by Japan, Europe and the United States. Here’s a little new situation for reference. The Resolution of the United Nations Conference on the Standardization of Geographical Names adopted the Pinyin alphabet in 2007 as an international standard for spelling Chinese geographical names, including Uyghur, Mongolian and Tibetan names written in pinyin letters. For example, “Guangzhou” write Guangzhou, do not write Canton or Kwangchow; “Hohhot” write Hohhot, do not write Kweisui or Huhohaote. China has published the Chinese pinyin map of China and a list of places for international applications. This is an integral part of the world’s placename “Single Romanization.” The principle of “single romanization” is that the Roman alphabet is used as the country of the text and the national spelling is the standard. For example, Napoli in Italy is written in English as Naples, with Italian as the standard. The official script without the Roman alphabet, For example, in the Chinese standard of the Chinese pinyin program, Japan adopts the standard “” imperative “spelling method, and the standard of Roman alphabet is used in Russian. After more than half a century of advocacy, the ”single romanization" of world names has finally come true. This has provided convenient conditions for international post and telecommunications, international trade, international aviation, science and technology information and computer information networks.