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四纹豆象Callosobruchus maculatus(F.)是伊朗豇豆种子上的主要贮藏害虫。控制这一害虫时,用生物杀虫剂比用常规杀虫剂更为合适。本研究评价了室内条件下在玻璃表面上硅藻土和多杀菌素对四纹豆象成虫的致死效应和亚致死效应。结果表明:硅藻土处理24h和48h后,对四纹豆象成虫的LC50值分别为1.47和0.2g/m2;多杀菌素处理24h和48h后,对四纹豆象成虫的LC50值分别为102.9和68.8mgai/L,说明两种化合物都对四纹豆象成虫具有较高的急性毒性。通过检测生物学参数,研究了LC20浓度的硅藻土和多杀菌素对四纹豆象的亚致死效应。LC20浓度的硅藻土和多杀菌素使四纹豆象成虫的繁殖力分别比对照降低了71.5%和17.2%,卵孵化率降低了57.5%和27.8%,成虫寿命缩短了74.7%和17.1%。接触LC20浓度的硅藻土和多杀菌素使这一害虫的蛹期分别比对照延长了4.8%和2.3%。亚致死效应研究表明,硅藻土和多杀菌素对四纹豆象的生命参数均产生了负面影响。总之,致死效应和亚致死效应综合显示,硅藻土在防治四纹豆象上具有较大的潜力。
The four-legged Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) is the main storage pest on Iranian cowpea seeds. When controlling this pest, it is more appropriate to use a biocide than a conventional pesticide. The present study evaluated the lethal and sublethal effects of diatomite and spinosad on adult Beauveria asperities on glass surfaces under laboratory conditions. The results showed that the LC50 values of diatomite adults were 1.47 and 0.2 g / m2, respectively after treated with diatomite for 24 h and 48 h. The values of LC50 of spinosad for four generations were 102.9 and 68.8 mgai / L, respectively, indicating that both compounds have higher acute toxicity to D. obliqua. By testing biological parameters, the sublethal effects of diatomite and spinosad with LC20 on tetraploid beans were studied. The LC20 concentration of diatomaceous earth and spinosad reduced the fecundity of adults of Litopenaeus vannamei by 71.5% and 17.2%, 57.5% and 27.8% respectively, and the adult longevity decreased by 74.7% and 17.1%, respectively. . Diatomaceous earth and spinosad exposed to LC20 concentrations increased the pupal stage of the pest by 4.8% and 2.3%, respectively, over the control. Sub-lethal effect studies have shown that diatomite and spinosad had a negative impact on the life parameters of the Siberian bean. In conclusion, the combination of lethal effect and sublethal effect shows that diatomite has great potential in controlling four-legumes.