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法官作为认知主体,在办理案件过程中具有能动性。法官能动性具有司法性、过程性、历史性、差异性等诸多特点。多维度探讨法官能动性能够深化认识与指导实践。理念意义上的法官能动性,是指理性的法官能动性观念。规则意义上的法官能动性是指法律规范规定或司法案例体现的主体能动性。行为意义上的法官能动性,既包括法律明确规定的行为,还包括法律没有明确规定或没有先例指引的法官能动性。方法意义上的法官能动性,主要指法官在选择或运用法律论证方法、法律推理方法以及利益衡量方法等过程中的主体能动性。
Judges, as cognitive subjects, are motivated in the process of handling cases. Judge initiative has the characteristics of judiciality, processivity, historicity and diversity. Multidimensional exploration of judges’ motivation can deepen understanding and guide practice. Judge’s initiative in the sense of concept refers to rational concept of judge’s initiative. Judicial initiative in the sense of the rules refers to the subjective initiative embodied in the legal norms or judicial cases. Judicial initiative in the sense of the act includes not only actions that the law clearly stipulates, but also judges’ initiative that the law does not clearly stipulate or has no precedent guidance. Judicial initiative in the sense of the method mainly refers to the subjective initiative of the judge in selecting or applying legal argumentation methods, legal reasoning methods, and interest measurement methods.