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本文采取问卷调查、文献资料、访谈等方法,在和谐社会的背景下,调查长沙市的农民工参加体育活动的现状,分析影响农民工体育活动的因素。站在社会学的立场分析:“城乡二元结构”随着政策变化,会形成新的政策壁垒,制度层面影响农民工参与体育活动;作为城市社会弱势群体的农民工,其包括体育在内的权益难以得到保障;工作时间长、劳动强度大等原因制约农民工参与体育活动。从教育学角度看:由于受教育程度不同,农民工对体育健身的认识和理解存在显著不同;农民工的体育意识不强制约了体育活动参与程度。从经济学角度看:收入水平低制约了农民工参与体育活动;场地设施的匮乏是制约农民工参与体育活动的因素之一。由此提出农民工体育的发展路径选择:突破城乡二元体制束缚,在制度上解决农民工的权益保障问题;以建设和谐社会的理念为指导,加大公共体育设施的建设与开放扩大宣传力度;引导农民工树立正确的体育观。
In the context of a harmonious society, this paper investigates the status quo of migrant rural workers participating in sports activities in Changsha by means of questionnaires, literature and interviews, and analyzes the factors that affect migrant workers’ sports activities. Standing in the sociology of the position analysis: “urban-rural dual structure ” as the policy changes, will form a new policy barriers, institutional level affect migrant workers to participate in sports activities; as urban social vulnerable groups of migrant workers, including sports in Rights and interests within the hard to be guaranteed; working long hours, labor-intensive and other reasons restricting the participation of migrant workers in sports. From the pedagogical point of view: Because of different levels of education, migrant workers have notable differences in understanding and understanding of sports fitness; the sports awareness of migrant workers does not impose a degree of restraint on the participation of sports activities. From an economic point of view: low income levels restrict the participation of migrant workers in physical activity; lack of venue facilities is one of the factors restricting the participation of migrant workers in physical activities. Therefore, the choice of development path of migrant workers’ sports is proposed: to break the shackles of dual system in urban and rural areas and to solve the problem of safeguarding the rights and interests of migrant workers systematically; to promote the construction and opening up of public sports facilities under the guidance of the idea of building a harmonious society ; Guide migrant workers to establish a correct view of sports.