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目的了解广州市荔湾区公共场所集中空调冷却水嗜肺军团菌污染状况,为预防控制军团菌病提供科学依据。方法于2010—2013年对辖区内有集中空调通风系统的各类公共场所冷却水塔水采样检测嗜肺军团菌,并对检测出的嗜肺军团菌进行血清分型;另对其中28家公共场所作相关因素的卫生管理状况现场与问卷调查。结果共采集了荔湾区37家公共场所空调冷却水45份,其中19份水样检出21株嗜肺军团菌,水样检出率为42.2%(19/45);37家公共场所空调冷却水中有18家检出嗜肺军团菌,总检出率为48.6%(18/37);21株嗜肺军团菌以血清1型(LP1)为主,占57.1%(12/21),其次LP4、LP12、LP13、LP14血清型各2株、LP11血清型1株,同一份水样中检出不同血清型(LP12和LP14)的水样有2份。相关卫生管理调查发现经营单位的系统卫生检查和清洗记录、空气过滤网/器定期清洗、冷却水塔定期消毒、风管系统清洗等项目的合格率较低,合格率分别为25.0%(7/28)、53.6%(15/28)、10.7%(3/28)、7.1%(2/28)。结论广州市荔湾区公共场所集中空调冷却水嗜肺军团菌污染较为严重,且经营单位规范管理不到位。应加强对公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生监督管理。
Objective To understand the contamination status of Legionella pneumophila in central air-conditioning cooling water in public places in Liwan District of Guangzhou City, and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of Legionnaires’ disease. Methods From 2010 to 2013, Legionella pneumophila samples were collected from the cooling towers in all public places with central air-conditioning and ventilation systems in the area, and serotypes of Legionella pneumophila were detected. In addition, 28 public places Relevant factors in the field of health management and questionnaire survey. Results A total of 45 air-conditioning cooling water were collected from 37 public places in Liwan District. Among them, 21 strains of Legionella pneumophila were detected in 19 samples, with 42.2% (19/45) of water samples being detected; 37 public places were air- The detection of Legionella pneumophila in water was 18, with a total detection rate of 48.6% (18/37). Of the 21 Legionella pneumophila strains, Serotype 1 (LP1) predominantly accounted for 57.1% (12/21), followed by Two strains of LP4, LP12, LP13 and LP14 serotypes and one strain of LP11 serotypes were obtained. Two samples of different serotypes (LP12 and LP14) were detected in the same water sample. Relevant health management survey found that the passing rate of the operating hygiene inspection and cleaning records, the regular cleaning of air filters / filters, the regular disinfection of cooling towers and the cleaning of air duct systems were all lower with the pass rates of 25.0% (7/28 ), 53.6% (15/28), 10.7% (3/28), 7.1% (2/28). Conclusions Guangzhou Legai public air-conditioned cooling water Legionella pneumophila polluting more serious, and the management of standard operation is not in place. Health supervision and management of central air conditioning and ventilation systems in public places should be strengthened.