以孤岛减压渣油为原料 ,采用高压釜加氢方式考察了以钴、钼、镍、铁和稀土金属为活性组分的 2 1种催化剂对渣油悬浮床加氢裂化反应的作用。结果表明 ,在钴、钼、镍系列催化剂中 ,钼系催化剂的效果较好。其中 ,钼酸铵系列最佳 ;钴系与镍系催化剂的效果相当 ;铁系催化剂中的硝酸铁具有较高的活性和抑制甲苯不溶物生成的能力 ;稀土系列催化剂的活性远高于钴、钼、镍、铁系列催化剂 ,其产物中减压馏分油的收率较高 ,而且这种催化剂抑制甲苯不溶物生成的潜力较大 ,可以在更苛刻的反应条件下与减压渣油反应。首次采用相对效率因子 fr 来评价悬浮床加氢裂化催化剂的活性 ,与分极指数RN相比 ,fr 更能有效地衡量催化剂的活性 Using island vacuum residue as raw material, autoclave hydrogenation was used to investigate the effect of 21 catalysts containing cobalt, molybdenum, nickel, iron and rare earth metals as active components on the hydrocracking reaction of the residue in the suspension bed. The results show that molybdenum catalysts are better than cobalt, molybdenum and nickel catalysts. Among them, the series of ammonium molybdate is the best; the effects of cobalt series and nickel series catalysts are comparable; the ferric nitrate in the iron-based catalyst has higher activity and ability to inhibit the formation of toluene insolubles; the activity of the series of rare earth catalysts is much higher than that of cobalt, Molybdenum, nickel, iron series catalyst, the higher the yield of vacuum distillate oil in its products, and the catalyst has the potential to inhibit the formation of toluene insolubles, and can react with vacuum residue under more severe reaction conditions. For the first time, the relative efficiency factor fr was used to evaluate the activity of a hydrocracking catalyst in a suspended bed. Compared with the polarization index RN, fr is more effective in measuring the activity of a catalyst