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将刑法视为契约,是以社会契约论为思路,对刑法领域中公民自由权利保障问题,从国家与公民关系的角度所开展的分析。追溯社会契约论,从社会实践和理论体系上,都能发现其虚拟性。而考察民主制度的发展和政治现代化的过程,可以看出,政治和法律理论早已远离社会契约论,从现实寻找逻辑合理性的根据。后现代社会中,现代民主政治制度受到了强烈的批判,但仍然没有给社会契约论留出再阐发的可能性,当代政治法律理论将理论点从社会转向公民本身,以政治参与作为解决现代民主所面临问题的路径,为刑法上更好地贯彻和实施罪刑法定主义,提供了有益的思路。如此,刑法谦抑性原则就是必然要考虑具体实施的问题。
The criminal law as a contract, based on the theory of social contract, analyzes the protection of civil liberties in the field of criminal law from the perspective of the relationship between the state and citizens. Trace back to the social contract theory, from the social practice and theoretical system, can find its virtual. While examining the development of the democratic system and the process of political modernization, we can see that the political and legal theories have long been away from the social contract theory and the basis for seeking logical rationality from the reality. In the postmodern society, the modern democratic political system has been strongly criticized, but it still leaves no possibility of further elucidation of the social contract theory. The contemporary political law theory turns the theoretical point from the society into the citizen itself and takes the political participation as the solution to modern democracy The path to the problems we face provides a useful idea for the criminal law to better implement and implement the legalism of criminal punishment. In this way, the principle of restraining the criminal law is necessarily to consider the specific implementation of the issue.