本文以人类文化中的理性精神在东西方历史上不同的消长过程为背景,选取有代表性的法国古典主义和中国儒家思想作为对照,着重就二者的文艺观念中对于理性和礼制、娱乐和讽谕、情欲和理智等关系问题的主张及其影响,进行了比较研究。作者认为,中国的正统文艺观要求文艺绝对服从于政治和道德,这给文艺的独立发展造成了很大的障碍。 This article takes the rational spirit of human culture in the different process of growth and decline in the history of the East and the West as the background, selects the representative French classicism and Chinese Confucianism as the contrast, emphasizes on the rationality and etiquette, entertainment And satirical, emotional and intellectual relations and other issues of proposition and its impact, conducted a comparative study. The author believes that China’s orthodox view of literature and art demands that literature and art absolutely obey politics and morality, which creates a great obstacle to the independent development of literature and art.