中国科学院物理研究所研究员吴乾章(1910~1998)是海南岛澄迈县人,出身于一个农民家庭。吴乾章自1951年开展X射线多晶衍射物相分析方法研究,指导开展了针对衍射相位问题以及光学模拟X射线单晶体衍射的研究,组织了结构分析“直接法”的研究,并倡导把X射线、电子和中子三大衍射技术结合起来,为推进我国晶体结构研究和培养人才作出重要贡 Wu Qianzhang (1910 ~ 1998), a researcher at the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, is a peasant family born in Chengmai County, Hainan Island. Wu Ganzhang since 1951 x-ray polycrystal diffraction phase analysis method to guide the conduct of the diffraction phase problem and the optical simulation of X-ray single crystal diffraction research, the organization of structural analysis “direct method ” research and advocate the X Radiation, electronics and neutron three diffraction techniques combine to promote China’s crystal structure research and personnel training to make an important tribute