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目的探讨正常及神经挫伤后面肌酶组化及超微结构变化规律。方法成熟雄性ＳＤ大鼠如５０只随机分为正常组及面神经挫伤组。定位定量挫伤试验组动物左侧面神经，并于７、２１、３５及５６ｄ取面肌切片，进行琥珀酸脱氢酶（ＳＤＨ）染色、电镜观察及多功能显微图像分析仪定量分析。结果大鼠面神经挫伤ｄ７，三型肌纤维直径最小，其中白肌纤维仅为对照组的６０％，电镜显示变性改变；３ｗｋ时光电镜证实同型化肌纤维存在；ｄ３５中间型及红肌纤维直径大于对照组；ｄ５６三型肌纤维直径、ＳＤＨ染色反应及超微结构同对照组有明显差别。结论面肌中白肌纤维对神经挫伤反应最剧烈，挫伤ｄ２１发现肌纤维同型化现象，ｄ５６神经再生后面肌酶组化、肌纤维直径、超微结构均恢复正常。
Objective To investigate the changes of enzyme histochemistry and ultrastructure of posterior facial muscle in normal and contusion group. Methods Fifty mature male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group and facial nerve contusion group. The left facial nerve of the experimental group was located and the facial muscles were harvested at 7, 21, 35, and 56 days for SDH staining, electron microscopy and multi-function microscopic image analyzer. Results The facial nerve contusion in rats d7, the smallest diameter of the three types of muscle fibers, of which white muscle fibers only 60% of the control group, electron microscopy showed degeneration; 3wk electron microscopy confirmed the presence of isofibrillar fibers; d35 intermediate and red muscle fiber diameter larger than the control group; d56 Three types of muscle fiber diameter, SDH staining reaction and ultrastructure were significantly different from the control group. Conclusions The white muscle fibers in facial muscles reacted most severely to the contusion of the nerves. The contours of muscle fibers were found in contusion d21. The enzyme constitution of muscle enzymes, the diameter of myofibers and the ultrastructure of myofibers all recovered to normal after d56 nerve regeneration.