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以福州市为例,从年龄、收入、文化程度、职业4个属性中辨析脆弱性人群,探讨其对雾霾的认知与应对特点,并与非脆弱性人群进行对比分析.通过431份调查问卷并结合深入访谈,评估了脆弱性人群对雾霾知识、危害、应对的认知水平.结果显示,福州市脆弱性人群对雾霾认知程度整体不高,与非脆弱性人群在认知敏感性、精确性上都存在一定差异,其中老人、低文化水平者表现最为明显.在此基础上,从政府、企业、个人3方面对市民尤其是脆弱性人群如何应对雾霾提出政策建议.
Taking Fuzhou as an example, this paper analyzes the four groups of people from the aspects of age, income, education level and occupation to find out the characteristics of their cognition and response to smog and compare them with those of non-vulnerable population.According to 431 surveys Questionnaires and in-depth interviews were conducted to assess the cognitive level of haze knowledge, harm and coping among the vulnerable population.The results showed that the awareness of haze of the vulnerable population in Fuzhou City was not high as a whole, Sensitivity and accuracy are all different, among which the elderly and the people with low level of culture are most obvious, on the basis of which, policy suggestions are put forward on how to deal with smog from the government, enterprises and individuals.