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我国对所有少数民族实行统一口径的差别化民族政策,对促进少数民族地区经济社会加快发展和缩小与汉族地区的历史发展差距,推进民族整合和国家建构发挥了重要效用。但在这种单项性差别化民族政策的实践中,不同少数民族之间、同一少数民族地区内部之间、同一少数民族不同分布地区之间出现了政策性差异和发展不平衡,并与整体少数民族与汉族发展差异共同构成了中国民族间发展的多重差异格局。这种差异格局体现了格局分布的地域性、原因生成的复杂性、局面维持的长期性和结构支撑的松散性。解构中国民族间发展的多重差异格局,需要在既有差别化政策基础上,强化各民族在市场容量、资源能源、人口规模、技术水平和发展资金方面的梯级差别化和复合协同性政策导向。
China’s differential ethnic policy of uniform caliber for all ethnic minorities has played an important role in accelerating the economic and social development in the minority areas and narrowing the gap with the historical development in the Han region and in promoting ethnic integration and nation building. However, in the practice of this kind of single-sex differentiation of ethnic policies, there are some policy differences and development imbalances between different ethnic groups, within the same ethnic minority regions, and between different ethnic groups in different regions. In addition, The differences between the ethnic groups and the Han nationality together constitute the multiple differences in the development of the Chinese nation. This pattern of differences reflects the geographical distribution pattern, the complexity of the formation of causes, the long-term maintenance of the situation and the loose support of the structure. Deconstruction of the multiple differences in the development among different ethnic groups in China requires that all ethnic groups should be guided by the policy of step differentiation and compound cooperation in terms of market capacity, resources and energy, population size, technological level and development funds on the basis of the existing differential policies.