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目的分析小儿不典型支气管异物的误诊原因。方法收集河南省开封市儿童医院2003年至2008年收治于呼吸科的22例支气管异物患儿的临床资料,进行回顾性分析。结果误诊为支气管炎8例,急性喉支气管炎7例,肺炎合并气胸1例,肺炎合并胸腔积液1例,金葡菌肺炎1例,慢性肺炎2例,毛细支气管炎1例,支气管哮喘1例。误诊时间<3d4例;3天～1月12例;1月～1年6例。结论临床医生对小儿支气管异物的危险性及临床病程认识不足,过分依赖X线及CT检查,诊断疾病单凭临床表现先入为主,把并发症当成原发病,忽略了原发病的诊断。
Objective To analyze the causes of misdiagnosis of atypical bronchial foreign bodies in children. Methods The clinical data of 22 children with bronchial foreign bodies admitted to Department of Respiratory Medicine from 2003 to 2008 in Kaifeng Children’s Hospital of Henan Province were collected for retrospective analysis. The results were misdiagnosed as bronchitis in 8 cases, acute throat bronchitis in 7 cases, pneumonia with pneumothorax in 1 case, pneumonia with pleural effusion in 1 case, Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia in 1 case, chronic pneumonia in 2 cases, bronchiolitis in 1 case, bronchial asthma 1 example. Misdiagnosis time <3d4 cases; 3 days to January 12 cases; January to 1 year in 6 cases. Conclusions Clinicians do not know enough about the risk and clinical course of bronchial foreign body in children. They are over-relying on X-ray and CT examination. The clinical manifestations of the disease are preconceived mainly. The complication is regarded as the primary disease and the diagnosis of the primary disease is neglected.