世界卫生组织(WHO)于1983～1985年进行了一次医院内感染发生情况的调查,有4个地区14个国家的55所医院参加,共分析31646份病案。院内感染的平均患病率为8.66％,以特护、急症外科和矫形外科病房最高(13.1～12.3％)。泌尿道感染较常见于急症内科(占该科总院内感染的34.8％)、急症外科(25.2％)、妇科(22.8％),矫形外科(20.4％)和特护病房(18.1％)。下呼吸道感染多见于特护(38.6％),急症内科(31.7％)和儿科病房(27.5％)。术后伤口感染常发生在妇科(55.6％)、外科(42.2％)和矫形外科 The World Health Organization (WHO) conducted a survey of nosocomial infections in 1983-1985 in 55 hospitals in 14 countries in 4 regions and analyzed a total of 31,646 medical records. The average prevalence of nosocomial infections was 8.66%, with the highest rates of special care, emergency surgery and orthopedic ward (13.1-12.3%). Urinary tract infections were more common in acute medicine (34.8% of total infections), acute surgery (25.2%), gynecology (22.8%), orthopedic surgery (20.4%) and intensive care unit (18.1%). Lower respiratory tract infections were more common in special care (38.6%), acute medical (31.7%) and pediatric wards (27.5%). Postoperative wound infections often occur in gynecology (55.6%), surgery (42.2%) and orthopedic surgery