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构建铀矿山环境影响评价体系是当前铀矿业环境研究的薄弱环节。应用环境影响评价的理论和系统分析方法,在分析了铀矿山建设、生产运行和退役3个阶段环境影响的基础上,基于压力-状态-响应模型,构建了铀矿山环境影响评价指标体系,该指标体系由总体层、系统层、状态层、变量层4个层次40个指标构成,并对铀矿山环境影响评价系统的开发进行了探索,以期为铀矿业的环境管理提供科学依据。
The construction of uranium mines environmental impact assessment system is the current uranium mining industry’s weak links. Based on the theory of environmental impact assessment and the method of system analysis, this paper analyzes the environmental impact of uranium mine construction, production operation and decommissioning, and builds up the index system of environmental impact assessment of uranium mines based on pressure-state-response model. The index system consists of 40 indicators at four levels of the overall level, the system level, the status level and the variable level, and explores the development of the environmental impact assessment system for uranium mines to provide a scientific basis for environmental management of uranium mines.