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本文介绍了我们对球壳角变形研究的整个成果,包括:(1)角变形构成理论;(2)利用球与板的“刚度”对比建立力学模型,推出角变形和错边的附加应力计算式,该公式经数个现役球的实测应力值和与国内外现行公式对比验证,准确性高、简单适用;(3)绘制θ—γ曲线,确定并阐明角变形测量样板与球径的相应关系及其遵循法则;(4)分析球壳角变形区“一点”的附加应力状态,划分法向角变形和切向角变形,导出两者间的数量关系,建立法切比的概念;(5)研究了圆筒形容器和球形容器角变形间的计算方法;确立以球形容器角变形计算为基础的内压薄壁容器角变形和错边附加应力计算通式;(6)根据实验球的应力场分析建立了球壳角变形趋圆理论;(7)探讨球壳角变形和错边量最大允许值的控制条件,建立了角变形和错边控制量的解析式。总之,本文研究了球形容器关于角变形和错边断裂安全的诸多方面和相关理论及其计算方法。
In this paper, we introduce the whole research results of angular deformation of spherical shell, including: (1) the theory of angular deformation; (2) using the “stiffness” of the ball and the plate to establish the mechanical model and deducing the additional stress calculation (3) Draw θ-γ curve, determine and clarify the corresponding angle of deformation of the sample and the diameter of the ball corresponding to the formula (4) Analyze the state of “one-point” additional stress in the spherical shell deformation zone, divide the normal angle deformation and the tangential angle deformation, deduce the quantitative relationship between the two and establish the concept of ratio of cut-off; 5) The calculation method of angular deformation between cylindrical container and spherical container was studied. The formulas for calculating the angular deformation and the additional stress on the wrong side of internal pressure thin-walled container were established based on the calculation of angular deformation of spherical container. (6) (7) The control conditions of the spherical shell angular deformation and the maximum allowable value of the wrong side are discussed, and the analytic formulas of the angular deformation and the wrong side control amount are established. In summary, many aspects and related theories and calculation methods of spherical containers for angular deformation and wrong-side-breakage are studied.