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目的分析连云港市海州区2010—2012年疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的发生特征,评价AEFI监测系统运转状况、疫苗的安全性和预防接种服务质量。方法采用描述流行病学方法对相关指标进行统计分析。结果 2010—2012年全区使用疫苗27种,共接种314 861人次,21种疫苗报告了162例AEFI,平均报告发生率5.15/万。AEFI以一般反应为主,占报告总数的92.594%;AEFI在接种后24 h内发生率为77.78%;全年均有病例发生,4—9月发生较多;主要发生在2岁以下儿童。无细胞百白破疫苗AEFI发生数最多,占总例数的32.10%;23价肺炎疫苗AEFI发生率最高,为23.70/万剂次。结论 AEFI监测系统总体运转情况良好,预防接种实施规范,需继续加强各级医疗机构人员在AEFI诊断、分类及处理等方面的培训,确保AEFI监测数据的质量。
Objective To analyze the incidence of suspected AEFI in Haizhou District of Lianyungang City from 2010 to 2012, and to evaluate the operational status of AEFI monitoring system, the safety of vaccines and the quality of vaccination services. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the relevant indicators. Results A total of 27 kinds of AEFIs were reported in 27 vaccines from 2010 to 2012, with a total of 314 861 vaccines and 21 vaccines. The average reported incidence was 5.15 / million. The AEFI was mainly based on the general response, accounting for 92.594% of the total number of reports. The incidence of AEFI was 77.78% within 24 h after inoculation. The incidence of AEFI was higher in the whole year and more in the period from April to September. The main occurrence occurred in children under 2 years of age. AEFI cell-free vaccine was the most, accounting for 32.10% of the total number of cases; the 23-valent pneumonia vaccine AEFI the highest incidence of 23.70 / dose. Conclusion The overall operation of AEFI monitoring system is good and its vaccination practices are standardized. It is necessary to continue to strengthen the training of AEFI personnel in the diagnosis, classification and treatment of AEFI to ensure the quality of AEFI monitoring data.