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自身免疫性溶血性贫血(AIHA)是获得性溶血性贫血的最常见类型。按照自身抗体的血清学和免疫化学特性,可将AIHA分为温抗体型AIHA(约80%)、冷凝集素病(约15%)和阵发性冷性血红蛋白尿(约5%)。温抗体型最常见类型是由不完全的非补体结合的IgG抗体引起的。最低年发病率约为1/80,000,任何年龄均可患病,60-70岁发病率最高,在儿童,约60%发生在4岁以前。特发性和症状性AIHA的相对发病率各作者报道不一,这可能是由于病人组不同和原发病性质不同。虽有约50%成年患者为单纯AIHA,但本病常与其他的自身免疫病或恶性
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is the most common type of acquired hemolytic anemia. According to the serological and immunochemical properties of autoantibodies, AIHA can be divided into warm antibody type AIHA (about 80%), cold agglutinin (about 15%) and paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (about 5%). The most common type of warm antibody is caused by incomplete non-complement-bound IgG antibodies. The lowest annual incidence rate is about 1 / 80,000, any age can be sick, the highest incidence of 60-70 years of age, in children, about 60% occurred before the age of 4 years. The relative incidence of idiopathic and symptomatic AIHA varies among authors, possibly due to differences in patient groups and the nature of the primary disease. Although about 50% of adult patients with pure AIHA, but the disease often associated with other autoimmune diseases or malignant