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长期以来,我们对教与学关系之认识,只简单地停留在理论层面,即从哲学上阐述教学过程中教师与学生的地位。虽然,这种阐述是必要的,结论也是正确的——学生居于教学活动的主体地位,教师居于教学活动的主导地位。但是,由于对这两个地位问题,特别是学生的主体地位,如何发挥主体能动性在教学中体现就缺乏具体研究,因此缺乏操作意义。在实际教学活动中,教师往往采取传统的方法,即是教师一个人讲,较少与学生互动,而学生也不愿积极参与课堂活动。这种现象就与上述结论背道而驰,使学生处于被动的、次要的地位,也会使学生发生误解,以为思想政治学科就是背书和背老师补充的知识。如此一来,不但学习变成了学生沉重的负担,而且思想政治学科的教育功能、学科能力培养也无法实现,因而也无法实现适应素质教育的要求和考试命题注重考查学科能力的趋势。鉴于此,中学思想政治课堂中切实保障学生的主体地位,发挥学生的主观能动性是十分必要的问题。
For a long time, our understanding of the relationship between teaching and learning has simply remained at the theoretical level, that is, the status of teachers and students in the process of teaching is philosophically elaborated. Although this explanation is necessary, the conclusion is correct - the students live in the dominant position of teaching activities, and the teachers are in the leading position in teaching activities. However, because of these two status issues, especially the students’ subjective status, how to display the subjectivity of students in the teaching is lack of specific research, so it lacks operational significance. In the actual teaching activities, teachers often adopt the traditional method, that is, a teacher speaking, less interaction with students, but students are not willing to actively participate in classroom activities. This phenomenon runs counter to the above conclusion, leaving the students in a passive and secondary position and misleading the students, thinking that the ideological and political discipline is the endorsement and back-teacher’s supplementary knowledge. In this way, not only learning becomes a heavy burden on students, but also the education function and discipline ability cultivation of ideological and political sciences can not be achieved. Therefore, it is impossible to meet the requirements of quality-oriented education and the examination focus on the ability of test subject. In view of this, it is a very necessary issue to effectively protect students ’subjective status in middle school ideological and political classes and to give play to students’ subjective initiative.