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为研究不同连作年限下谷子功能叶片衰老和活性氧代谢特性,加深对谷子连作障碍的认识,以晋谷29号品种为材料,选取3个不同年限(2、3和4年)的连作方式,以轮作方式为对照,分析不同连作年限下,功能叶片叶绿素、可溶性蛋白含量、保护酶活性(SOD、POD、CAT)、膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)和氧自由基积累量等生理指标的变化。对比轮作与连作处理,结果表明:谷子开花后,其功能叶片的叶绿素、可溶性蛋白含量、CAT、SOD和POD活性均呈下降趋势,MDA和氧自由基积累量持续上升。其中:叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量随着连作年限的增加显著下降(P<0.05);CAT活性随着连作年限的增加而下降;SOD和POD活性在开花前中期随连作年限的增加呈显著降低趋势;MDA和氧自由基积累量上升,且连作高于轮作。相关性分析显示,花后功能期叶片SOD活性与产量呈正相关,POD活性、叶绿素含量、CAT活性和可溶性蛋白与产量呈显著或极显著正相关,氧自由基、MDA含量与产量呈显著负相关。连作影响谷子功能叶片代谢,增加连作年限,叶片功能期缩短,植株衰老加剧,最终导致谷子产量降低。
In order to study the senescence and active oxygen metabolism characteristics of functional leaves of millet under different continuous cropping years and to deepen their understanding of the continuous cropping obstacles, three continuous cropping methods with 3, 4 years and 4 years were selected with JinGu 29 as materials. The correlations of chlorophyll content, soluble protein content, activities of protective enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA) and oxygen free radicals accumulation in functional leaves under different continuous cropping years were analyzed under rotation, Changes in indicators. The results showed that the activities of chlorophyll, soluble protein, CAT, SOD and POD of functional leaves all showed a downward trend after flowering, and the accumulation of MDA and oxygen free radicals continued to increase. The contents of chlorophyll and soluble protein decreased significantly with the increase of continuous cropping years (P <0.05). The activity of CAT decreased with the increase of continuous cropping. The activities of SOD and POD decreased significantly with the increase of continuous cropping. Accumulation of MDA and oxygen free radicals increased, and even higher than the crop rotation. Correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between SOD activity and yield of post-anthesis functional leaves, POD activity, chlorophyll content, CAT activity, soluble protein and yield were significantly or very significantly positive correlation, oxygen free radicals, MDA content and yield were significantly negatively correlated . Continuous cropping affected the metabolism of functional leaves of millet, increasing the duration of continuous cropping, shortening the functional period of leaves, and aggravating the senescence of the plant, finally resulting in the decrease of millet yield.