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流域下垫面的土壤含水量、地下水位是影响降雨径流的重要因素。我国北方地区随着水资源紧缺的日益突出,大尺度地开采地下水,严重地改变了地下水的赋存条件,影响了流域表层土壤的含水量状况。文章分析了由于地下水开采引起地下水水位下降在坡地产流、河网汇流阶段的影响及其对壤中流的影响,探讨了北方地区地下水水位下降后降雨径流形成规律的变化。
Soil water content and groundwater level of the underlying surface of the basin are important factors affecting rainfall runoff. With the increasing shortage of water resources in northern China, exploitation of groundwater on a large scale has severely changed the storage conditions of groundwater and affected the water content of surface soils in the basin. This paper analyzes the influence of groundwater level drop caused by groundwater exploitation on slope runoff, river network confluence and its impact on mid-stream flow, and discusses the change of rainfall runoff formation rules after the groundwater level declines in northern China.