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目的探讨人类白细胞抗原-G(human leukocyte antigen-G,HLA-G)的表达变化在子前期发病机制中的作用。方法收集2004年1月至2006年1月在华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院妇产科分娩的40名正常妊娠妇女和38例子前期患者(其中轻度子前期患者20例,重度子前期患者18例)的胎盘组织和血浆样本,运用实时荧光定量RT-PCR技术检测胎盘组织中HLA-G mRNA的表达,HLA-G mRNA的表达以PCR循环数阈值(Ct值)表示。Western blot印迹法检测胎盘组织中HLA-G蛋白质的表达,同时运用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测血浆中可溶性HLA-G(soluble HLA-G,sHLA-G)的表达水平。结果与正常妊娠妇女比较,轻、重度子前期患者胎盘组织中HLA-G mRNA(38.65±0.03、49.13±0.02;59.32±0.02)及其蛋白质(0.31±0.03、0.19±0.04;0.40±0.05)和血浆中sHLA-G[(1.13±0.03)g/L、(0.54±0.05)g/L;(1.95±0.03)g/L]的表达水平均显著降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与轻度子前期患者比较,重度子前期患者胎盘组织中HLA-G mRNA及其蛋白质和血浆中sHLA-G的表达水平均显著降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论滋养细胞下调HLA-G基因的转录,降低其蛋白质的表达水平,可能在子前期的发病机制中发挥重要作用。
Objective To investigate the role of human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) expression in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Methods A total of 40 normal pregnant women and 38 preeclampsia women were delivered in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 2004 to January 2006. Among them, 20 cases of preeclampsia, 20 cases of severe preeclampsia 18 cases of preeclampsia), the expression of HLA-G mRNA in placenta was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR. The expression of HLA-G mRNA was expressed as the number of PCR cycles (Ct value). Western blot was used to detect the expression of HLA-G protein in placentas. Meanwhile, the expression of soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) in plasma was detected by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Results Compared with normal pregnant women, HLA-G mRNA (38.65 ± 0.03,49.13 ± 0.02; 59.32 ± 0.02) and its protein (0.31 ± 0.03,0.19 ± 0.04; 0.40 ± 0.05) in the placenta of patients with mild and severe preeclampsia (1.13 ± 0.03) g / L, (0.54 ± 0.05) g / L and (1.95 ± 0.03) g / L] in plasma were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The levels of HLA-G mRNA, protein and plasma sHLA-G in placenta of patients with severe preeclampsia were significantly lower than those in patients with mild preeclampsia, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Trophoblast cells down-regulate the transcription of HLA-G gene and decrease the expression of HLA-G gene, which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.