The palm trunk fiber bundles were treated with glacial acetic acid solution and H2O2 to get the palm sheath fibril hardly with any lignin or hemi-cellulose.The morphological,aggregation structure and moisture regain, water absorption, anti-bacterial properties of palm sheath fibril were tested and analyzed.The results showed that the average length of palm sheath fibril was( 643.6 ±192.4) μm,while average diameter was( 10.3 ±1.9) μm.A lumen existed in the cross section of each natural fibril,and the average hollowness of fibril reached( 47.1 ± 11.1) %.Fibril was mainly constituted by cellulose I which gifted palm fibril a good hygroscopicity and the degree of crystallization was 62.3%.The moisture regain of palm sheath fibril was about 12.1% while water absorption was 10.68 g / g suitable for medical packing.Fibril antibacterial against staphylococcus aurous was 84.3%,and against escherichia coli was 73.3%.Palm sheath fibril can be used as a natural fiber material for nonwoven medical use. The palm trunk fiber bundles were treated with glacial acetic acid solution and H2O2 to get the palm sheath fibril hardly with any lignin or hemi-cellulose. The morphological, aggregation structure and moisture regain, water absorption, anti-bacterial properties of palm sheath fibril were tested and analyzed. The results showed that the average length of palm sheath fibril was (643.6 ± 192.4) μm, while average diameter was (10.3 ± 1.9) μm. A lumen existed in the cross section of each natural fibril, and the average hollowness of fibril reached (47.1 ± 11.1)%. Fibril was mainly composed of cellulose I which gifted palm fibril a good hygroscopicity and the degree of crystallization was 62.3%. The moisture regain of palm sheath fibril was about 12.1% while water absorption was 10.68 g / g suitable for medical packing. Fibril antibacterial against staphylococcus aurous was 84.3%, and against escherichia coli was 73.3% .Palm sheath fibril can be used as a natural fiber material for nonwoven med ical use.