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新世纪以来,为解决医疗卫生服务市场化改革所引发的农民看病难、看病贵问题,中国实施了新型农村合作医疗保险制度和农村医疗救助制度,确立了农民的医疗社会权利,并在一定程度上保障了农民医疗社会权利的实现。但是政府承担责任的有限性、农民医疗服务的市场化提供、新农合制度和农村医疗救助制度运行中的缺陷制约了农民医疗社会权利的高水平实现。要充分实现农民的医疗社会权利,国家应完善农民医疗保障立法,进一步增加政府的资金投入,推动农村基层医疗卫生事业的发展,完善农民医疗保障管理,并通过改革让公立医院回归公益性。
Since the beginning of the new century, to solve the problem of poor health care and expensive medical treatment caused by the marketization reform of medical and health services, China has implemented the new rural cooperative medical insurance system and rural medical assistance system and established the social rights of farmers in medical treatment. To a certain extent, On the protection of the peasants medical social realization of rights. However, the limited liability of the government, the marketization of peasants ’medical services, the defects in the operation of the NCMS and the rural medical aid system have restricted the high-level realization of peasants’ medical social rights. To fully realize the social rights of farmers in medical treatment, the state should improve the legislation on peasants ’medical security, further increase government funds, promote the development of rural grass-roots medical and health undertakings, improve the management of peasants’ medical insurance and make the public hospitals return to public welfare through reform.