在语言交际中,片断话语具有凸现焦点、预示语境、衔接语篇和实现交际的语篇和交际功能,它们遵循着语言认知经济原则、语言交际合作原则和礼貌原则。因此,本文以句法、功能语法和语用学为视点,对片断话语的结构特点、交际功能及其所遵循的基本原则进行了分析,旨在达到对片断话语多层次、全方位的了解,更好地在交际过程中和外语教学中运用这一语言现象,以取得最佳的交际效果。 In verbal communication, the fragmentary discourse has prominence, predicting context, cohesive discourse and communicative discourse and communicative functions. They follow the principles of linguistic cognitive economy, verbal communication and cooperation and politeness. Therefore, this article analyzes the structural features, communicative functions and basic principles of fragment discourse from the perspectives of syntax, functional grammar and pragmatics, aiming to achieve multi-level and comprehensive understanding of the fragment discourse Good use of this language in communication and foreign language teaching to achieve the best communication results.