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以醛、环氧溴丙烷、苯并咪唑为原料制备1-[(2-烷基-1,3-二氧杂环-4)甲基]-1-苯并咪唑,再与硫酸二甲酯反应合成两种含苯并咪唑的缩醛型可分解阳离子表面活性剂:1-[(2-己基-1,3-二氧杂环-4)甲基]-1-甲基-苯并咪唑甲基硫酸盐(3a)和1-[(2-壬基-1,3-二氧杂环-4)甲基]-1-甲基-苯并咪唑甲基硫酸盐(3b).对中间体1-[(2-壬基-1,3-二氧杂环-4)甲基]-1-苯并咪唑(2b)的合成条件进行优化选择,其较佳的合成条件:甲苯为溶剂,n(癸缩醛)∶n(苯并咪唑)n∶(NaOH)=11∶.1∶4,回流24 h,所得中间体(2b)产率52.0%.分别测定3a、3b的表面性能,测定结果为:20℃时临界胶束浓度1.4×10-3mol/L和1.2×10-3mol/L;Krafft点均低于20℃;泡沫稳定性70.2%和77.4%;乳化性31 min和33 min.所有中间体和目标化合物结构经IR1、HNMR表征.
1 - [(2-alkyl-1,3-dioxole-4) methyl] -1-benzimidazole was prepared from aldehyde, epibromohydrin and benzimidazole, Synthesis of two acetal decomposable cationic surfactants containing benzimidazole: 1 - [(2-hexyl-1,3-dioxole-4) methyl] -1-methyl-benzimidazole (3a) and 1 - [(2-nonyl-1,3-dioxole-4) methyl] -1-methyl- benzimidazole methyl sulfate (3b) The synthesis conditions of 1 - [(2-nonyl-1,3-dioxole-4) methyl] -1-benzimidazole (2b) are optimized. The optimum conditions are as follows: toluene is the solvent , the yield of the intermediate (2b) obtained was 52.0% by refluxing for 24 h at n (benzoimidazole) n: (NaOH) = 11:.1:4, respectively.The surface properties of 3a and 3b The results are as follows: the critical micelle concentration is 1.4 × 10-3 mol / L and 1.2 × 10-3 mol / L at 20 ℃; the Krafft points are all below 20 ℃; the foam stability is 70.2% and 77.4%; the emulsifiability is 31 min and 33 min. All intermediates and target compound structures were characterized by IR1, HNMR.