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政府始终处于控制财政预算与满足公众需要的福利困境中,那么到底应该扩大还是缩小政府的福利责任边界?探讨公众的福利态度及其影响因素有助于回答此问题。以中国社会福利调查流动人口组数据为基础,研究发现绝大多数农民工支持政府在基本需要满足上的福利责任,但存在程度上的差异。考察影响因素可知:福利制度区隔可能引发不同的福利体验,不同的福利体验则带来了福利态度的差异;儒家文化因素并未缓解农民工对社会权利的诉求动力与福利的需要;福利态度在阶层、教育、收入与自利等因素上并未呈现显著的差异。由于公众的福利态度影响国家社会政策与项目的合法性,所以探讨农民工的福利态度及其影响因素对推进城乡社会福利制度统筹具有极为重要的意义。
The government is always in the welfare predicament of controlling the budget and meeting the needs of the public. Whether the government should expand or narrow the boundary of welfare liability? To explore the public’s welfare attitude and its influencing factors can help to answer this question. Based on the data from China’s Social Welfare Survey Floating Population Group, the study found that the vast majority of migrant workers support the government’s welfare responsibility for basic needs, but there are some differences. Inspecting the influencing factors shows that the welfare system divisions may lead to different welfare experiences, and different welfare experiences bring about differences in welfare attitudes. The Confucian cultural factors do not relieve the migrant workers’ motivation and welfare for their social rights. The welfare attitude There are no significant differences in factors such as class, education, income and self-interest. Because the public’s welfare attitude affects the legitimacy of national social policies and programs, exploring the welfare attitude of migrant workers and its influencing factors are of great importance to promoting the overall social welfare system in urban and rural areas.