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目的了解福建省麻疹发病的危险因素。方法采用病例对照研究,收集福建省2010~2014年发生的麻疹病例369例和722例对照的麻疹疫苗免疫史、人口性质、医院暴露史和病人接触史等信息。结果多因素分析显示:病例组中未接种麻疹疫苗的比例明显高于对照组(OR=0.15,95%CI:0.09~0.26),病例组中医院暴露的比例明显高于对照组(OR=3.11,95%CI:2.32~4.17),病例组中有接触史的病例明显高于对照组(OR=5.20,95%CI:3.08~8.78)。联合作用分析显示:有医院暴露史且有病人接触史使得麻疹发病风险明显升高(OR=20.37,95%CI:8.37,49.61)。结论外来人口、无麻疹疫苗免疫史人群、医院暴露人群、有接触史人群是福建省麻疹发病的高危人群。
Objective To understand the risk factors of measles in Fujian Province. Methods A case-control study was conducted to collect information on the immunization history, population characteristics, hospital exposure history and patient contact history of 369 measles cases and 722 controls in Fujian Province during 2010-2014. Results Multivariate analysis showed that the proportion of cases without measles vaccine was significantly higher than that of the control group (OR = 0.15,95% CI: 0.09-0.26), and the proportion of hospitalized cases in the case group was significantly higher than that of the control group (OR = 3.11 , 95% CI: 2.32 ~ 4.17). The incidence of contact history in the case group was significantly higher than that in the control group (OR = 5.20, 95% CI: 3.08-8.78). The combined effect analysis showed that there was a history of hospital exposure and a history of exposure to patients with a significantly increased risk of measles (OR = 20.37, 95% CI: 8.37, 49.61). Conclusion It is a high risk population of measles in Fujian Province for migrants, non-measles vaccine immunization history, hospital exposure and history of exposure.