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利用在东部沿海丘陵区玻璃大棚中的长期定位试验,设置农民习惯施氮(N1,800kg·hm~(-2))、氮减量25%(N2,600 kg·hm~(-2))、氮减量50%(N_3,400 kg·hm~(-2))、不施肥(CK)4种不同化肥施氮水平和施有机肥(ON,400 kg N·hm~(-2))处理,研究了不同施氮量对黄瓜产量及品质的影响.结果表明:与农民习惯施氮相比,施氮量减少50%能保证黄瓜的果实产量,并大幅提高经济效益.不同处理黄瓜果实硝酸盐含量范围在94.2~136.1 mg·kg~(-1),均未超过我国蔬菜卫生安全标准,不同施肥处理比CK增加了18.1%~44.5%,其中N_3处理下增加幅度最小.施用化肥降低了黄瓜果实中Vc、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量,在施氮量600 kg·hm~(-2)处理中最低.不同施氮处理在短期内改变土壤pH等理化性质,然而在过量施肥条件下黄瓜产量、经济效益与土壤性质无显著相关性.因此,在东部沿海丘陵区的大棚生产条件下,氮肥施用量减少50%可以保证黄瓜产量和果实品质.
Long-term positioning experiments were conducted in the glass greenhouse in the eastern hilly region to set the peasants’ habits of nitrogen application (N1,800kg · hm -2) and nitrogen reduction of 25% (N2,600 kg · hm -2) (N 3, 400 kg · hm -2), and no fertilizer (CK). The nitrogen application rate and organic fertilizer (ON, 400 kg N · hm -2) The results showed that reducing the amount of nitrogen application by 50% compared with peasants used nitrogen could ensure the fruit yield of cucumber and increase the economic benefit significantly.Different treatments of cucumber fruit The nitrate content ranged from 94.2 to 136.1 mg · kg -1, all of which did not exceed the standards of vegetable hygiene safety in our country. The different fertilization treatments increased by 18.1% -44.5% compared with CK, of which the N_3 treatment had the least increase rate. The contents of Vc, soluble sugar and soluble protein in cucumber fruits were the lowest among the treatments with 600 kg · hm -2 of nitrogen application rate.The changes of physico-chemical properties of soil pH were affected by different nitrogen treatments in the short term, however, under excessive fertilization There was no significant correlation between yield and economic benefits of cucumber and soil properties, so the reduction of nitrogenous fertilizer application by 50% in the greenhouse production conditions in the eastern hilly region could Certificate yield and fruit quality of cucumber.