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材料是人类文明的里程碑,是社会进步的物质基础,在材料学家看来,人类的文明史就是材料的发展史,并把人类历史的发展时期划分为石器时代、青铜器时代、铁器时代、新材料时代。纵观有色金属的发展应用,足见其在人类文明发展中的巨大作用。人类最早利用的金属就是自然形态的有色金属,如铜、金等。它们具有美丽的色泽和优于石器的加工性能,适于制造饰物和小件工具。但是自然金属十分稀少,只有掌握了冶炼技术,能够生产大量的金属后,社会才发生了重大的变化。
Material is a milestone in human civilization and a material basis for social progress. According to material scientists, the history of human civilization is the history of the development of materials. The period of human history is divided into the stone age, the bronze age, the iron age, the new Material age. Throughout the development and application of nonferrous metals, it shows its tremendous role in the development of human civilization. The earliest human use of metal is the natural form of non-ferrous metals, such as copper, gold and so on. They have a beautiful color and superior processing performance of stone, suitable for making accessories and small tools. However, natural metals are very scarce. Only by mastering the smelting technology and capable of producing large quantities of metal, major changes have taken place in society.