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目的：对比经后外侧植骨融合(PLF)与椎间孔椎体间植骨融合(TLIF)治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折的临床疗效。方法将我院2009年9月-2013年9月76例胸腰椎爆裂骨折患者按不同术式分为TLIF组(40例，椎间孔椎体间植骨融合治疗)和PLF组(36例，经后外侧植骨融合治疗)，比较两组疗效。结果两组手术耗时、术中出血量无显著差异(P >0.05)；TLIF组植骨融合率明显高于PLF组(P <0.05)；TLIF组术后1月、12月的的椎体压缩率及Cobb角均明显优于PLF组(P 0.05); The success rate of fusion of TLIF group was higher than that of PLF group(P <0.05); There were significant differences in vertebral compression ratio and Cobb angle between two groups postoperative 1 months, 12 months(P <0.05). Conclusion Transforaminal interbody fusion has a good effect on treating thoracolumbar burst fracture, which is better than posterolateral fusion, and it is worthy of clinical widely.