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为了解北京市外来儿童免疫接种现状 ,于 1999年 10月开展了外来人口聚集地儿童免疫接种率及其影响因素的调查 ,共调查 10 39名 0～ 3岁儿童 ,对 10 0 7名接种史记录清楚的儿童按卫生部标准统计 :建证率 90 5 % ,建卡率 77 0 % ,证、卡符合率 71 5 % ;卡介苗 (BCG)、口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗 (OPV)、百白破联合疫苗 (DPT)、麻疹疫苗(MV)、乙型肝炎 (乙肝 )疫苗单苗合格接种率依次为 77 8%、83 2 %、82 7%、81 6 %、5 4 4 %。外来儿童的家长 /监护人来源地域广泛 ,且绝大多数儿童家长 /监护人文化水平低 ,缺乏计划免疫知识 ,但多数人接到通知后会带儿童接种。基层免疫接种点能为外来儿童提供免疫接种服务 ,但多数接种点遇到过外来儿童家长 /监护人拒种。除OPV强化免疫外 ,各村、居民委员会日常涉及计划免疫工作少。
In order to understand the status quo of immunization among migrant children in Beijing, a survey was conducted in October 1999 on the immunization coverage of children and its influencing factors. A total of 10 39 children aged 0-3 years were enrolled in this study. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Health, the children with a clear record of the establishment rate were 90.5% for the card, 77.0% for cards, 71.5% for cards and cards, BCG, oral polio vaccine (OPV) The qualified vaccination rate of single vaccine for combination vaccine (DPT), measles vaccine (MV) and hepatitis B vaccine were 77.8%, 83.2%, 82.7%, 81.6% and 54.4% respectively. Parents / guardians of migrant children come from a wide range of sources and the vast majority of children’s parents / guardians have a low level of literacy and lack of knowledge of planned immunization, but most will be brought with children upon notification. Primary immunization sites can provide immunization services for foreign children, but most vaccination sites have encountered rejection by foreign parents / guardians. In addition to OPV enhanced immunity, the village, neighborhood committees routinely involved in immunization less planned.