柽柳属(Tamarix)植物起源于第三纪古地中海地区,具有耐盐碱、抗干旱和抗沙埋等特点,适应性强,是沙荒地和盐碱地的建群种。从植物生理生态和分子机理上阐述了柽柳属植物适应广泛生境的机制,包括种群特征、个体形态结构、种子繁殖特性、群体遗传结构以及植株在干旱和盐碱胁迫下生理生化和分子响应等,综述了其在生态和药用方面的价值,并提出可深入研究的问题和方向。 Tamarix plants originated in the Tertiary Paleoterozoic. They are characterized by salt tolerance, drought resistance and sand resistance. They are highly adaptable and are established species of desertified and saline land. From the perspective of plant physiology, ecology and molecular mechanism, the mechanism of adaptation of Tamarix to a wide range of habitats including population characteristics, individual morphological structure, seed multiplication characteristics, population genetic structure and physiological, biochemical and molecular responses of plants to drought and salinity-alkalinity stress, The ecological and medicinal aspects of the study are summarized, and the problems and directions that can be studied in depth are put forward.