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目的:探讨新生儿窒息发生的原因、并发症及复苏措施对神经系统并发症的影响。方法:对321例新生儿窒息的原因进行回顾性分析。结果:胎儿宫内窘迫、子痫前期、羊水Ⅲ度污染、胎盘因素等为新生儿窒息的主要原因,分别占24.30%、18.69%、16.20%、11.84%。重度窒息患儿最易发生呼吸系统、心血管系统及颅内病变等并发症,分别占66.67%、34.48%、33.33%。应用气管插管和应用复苏囊复苏重症窒息患儿,对神经系统并发症的发病率无显著性影响,而窒息程度越重,颅内损伤的发病率越高;窒息时间越长,神经系统并发症发病率越高。结论:加强产前保健、产程监护及高危妊娠如子痫前期、多胎妊娠的管理,有助于预防窒息的发生。
Objective: To investigate the causes of neonatal asphyxia, complications and the impact of resuscitation on nervous system complications. Methods: 321 cases of neonatal asphyxia were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The main causes of neonatal asphyxia were fetal distress, preeclampsia, Ⅲ degree amniotic fluid contamination and placental factors, accounting for 24.30%, 18.69%, 16.20% and 11.84% respectively. Children with severe asphyxia most likely to respiratory complications, cardiovascular system and intracranial lesions and other complications, accounting for 66.67%, 34.48%, 33.33%. The application of endotracheal intubation and the application of resuscitation sac resuscitation severe asphyxia in children, the incidence of neurological complications no significant impact, and the more severe asphyxia, the higher the incidence of intracranial injury; asphyxia longer, nervous system complications The higher the incidence of disease. Conclusion: To strengthen the management of prenatal care, labor care and high-risk pregnancies such as preeclampsia and multiple pregnancy can help prevent asphyxia.