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目的了解深圳市肾综合征出血热(HFRS)疫源地的现状,为制定防治策略提供依据。方法在我市所辖4个区设25个点采用笼日法布笼捕鼠,调查鼠类种群构成;间接免疫荧光法检验鼠血清汉坦病毒(HV)抗体;直接免疫荧光法检验鼠肺抗原。结果共捕获鼠形动物472只,捕获率为8.25%,隶属于2目2科3属4种,4种鼠形动物中,除板齿鼠外,其余3种均发现携带HV或感染,带毒鼠全部为成鼠。褐家鼠占捕获鼠形动物的87.50%,为本市优势鼠种,其HV感染率和带毒率分别为18.20%和10.97%,臭鼩鼱占4.45%,HV感染率和带毒率均为11.76%,黄胸鼠占8.05%,HV感染率和带毒率均为2.94%。鼠血清平均HV感染率为16.78%,鼠肺平均带毒率为10.38%,平均带病毒指数为0.09。福田区鼠HV感染率、带毒率最高,分别为32.41%和20.69%,带毒指数达0.14。不同生境中旧居民区、菜市场及餐饮类场所鼠带毒指数较高,分别为0.13、0.11、0.11。结论深圳市广泛存在家鼠型HFRS疫源地,呈增强趋势,主要宿主动物为褐家鼠、臭鼩鼱和黄胸鼠。
Objective To understand the status of HFRS in Shenzhen and to provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of HFRS. Methods 25 mice in 4 districts under the jurisdiction of the municipality were used to investigate the composition of rodents. The immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the antibody to Hantavirus (HV) in mouse serum. The immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the murine lung antigen. Results A total of 472 murine animals were captured with a capture rate of 8.25%, belonging to 4 species, 3 genera, 2 orders, 2 families. Of the 4 species of rat, except for plateau, the other 3 species were found to harbor HV or infection, All tetramine into rats. Rattus norvegicus accounted for 87.50% of the captured rat-shaped animals, which was the predominant species in our city. The infection rate and the rate of infection were 18.20% and 10.97%, respectively, while the stinkbugs accounted for 4.45%. Both the HV infection rate and the virulence rate Was 11.76%, Rattus flavipectus accounted for 8.05%, HV infection rate and the rate of infection were 2.94%. The average seroconversion rate of rat serum was 16.78%, the average rate of virus infection in rat lung was 10.38%, and the average virus index was 0.09. Futian District murine infection rate of HV, with the highest rate of poisoning, respectively 32.41% and 20.69%, with a lethal index of 0.14. In different habitats in old residential areas, food markets and food places with high rat poison index were 0.13,0.11,0.11. CONCLUSIONS: There is a wide range of HFRS foci of domesticated mice in Shenzhen. The main host animals are Rattus norvegicus, Stinky 鼩 鼱 and Rattus flavipectus.