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在中国经济转型的过程中,中国式财政分权无疑是最重要的一项制度设计。很多文献从财政分权对我国经济增长的收益和成本的角度进行研究,得出了不尽相同的结论。本文从财政分权带来的市场分割的角度,运用1996-2007年我国分省面板数据,对1994年分税制改革后我国市场分割、财政分权程度及经济增长的关系进行了分析。结果显示,财政分权一方面对东中西部地区的经济增长起到了促进作用,另一方面财政分权带来的市场分割对其积极作用有所削弱,且对东部地区的削弱作用要远大于中西部地区。由于各地区在资源禀赋、政策环境等方面的差异,在同一个激励框架之下,财政分权对东部地区经济增长的促进作用仍大于其对于中西部地区的促进作用。
In the process of China’s economic restructuring, Chinese-style fiscal decentralization is undoubtedly the most important system design. Many papers from the perspective of fiscal decentralization on the benefits and costs of economic growth in China, come to different conclusions. This paper analyzes the relationship between market segmentation, fiscal decentralization and economic growth in 1994 after the tax-sharing reform in 1994 from the perspective of market segmentation brought by fiscal decentralization. The results show that while fiscal decentralization promotes the economic growth in the eastern, central and western regions, on the other hand, the market segmentation brought about by fiscal decentralization has weakened its positive role and weakened the eastern region more than Midwest. Due to the differences in resource endowments and policy environments in various regions, under the same incentive framework, the role of fiscal decentralization in promoting economic growth in the eastern region is still greater than its role in promoting the central and western regions.