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为促进YS型小麦温敏不育系的研究利用,分别从细胞学、单倍体发生频率和剪穗后自交结实率三方面对1B/1R类型小麦雄性不育系K3314A和YS型小麦温敏雄性不育系(非1B/1R类型)A731、A732、A733进行了初步研究。结果表明,易位系k3314A的根尖细胞含有2个随体染色体,YS型温敏不育系A732含有4个随体染色体;1B/1R型不育系K3314A有较高的单倍体频率发生,而YS型温敏不育系A731、A732、A733极少有单倍体产生;正季分蘖穗两种类型材料均不结实,1B/1R型K3314A的再生分蘖穗仍不结实,而YS型温敏型不育系A731、A732、A733的再生分蘖穗出现了不同程度的自交结实现象,平均自交结实率分别为6.0425%,17.355%和10.525%,表明1B/1R型不育系K3314A为稳定的非敏感型不育系,YS型不育系A731、A732、A733在一定的条件下可发生育性转换由不育转换为可育,再生分蘖孕穗期(5月下旬)较正季分蘖孕穗期(4月下旬)的主要气象因子日长和气温均明显增加,说明YS型不育系A731、A732、A733的育性转换主要是由温光条件的明显改变而引起的,因而他们具有温光敏感特性。这些研究为选育优良温敏不育系,促进YS型温敏不育系在两系杂交小麦生产体系中的应用提供了依据。
In order to promote the research and utilization of thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line YS, the effects of genotypes of 1B / 1R wheat male sterility lines K3314A and YS wheat germplasm Sensitive male sterile lines (non-1B / 1R type) A731, A732, A733 were studied. The results showed that the root tip cells of the translocation line k3314A contained two satellite chromosomes, and the YS thermo-sensitive male sterile line A732 contained four satellite chromosomes. The 1B / 1R male sterile line K3314A had higher haploid frequency , While the YS type thermo-sensitive male sterile lines A731, A732 and A733 rarely produced haploid; the two types of tillering spikes in the first seasons were not strong, the regenerated tillering panicles of 1B / 1R K3314A were still not robust, while the YS The self-fertility and tillering of the thermo-sensitive genic male sterile lines A731, A732 and A733 showed different degrees of selfing and fruiting, with the average selfing rate of 6.0425%, 17.355% and 10.525%, respectively, indicating that the 1B / 1R male sterile line K3314A As a stable non-sensitive sterile line, the YS sterile lines A731, A732 and A733 can be fertile transformed under certain conditions and transformed from sterile to fertile. The tillering stage of booting tillering (late May) The main meteorological factors at tillering and booting stage (late April) were significantly longer and longer, which indicated that the fertility transformation of YS sterile lines A731, A732 and A733 was mainly caused by the significant changes of temperature and light conditions, With temperature and light sensitivity. These studies provide the basis for breeding excellent thermo-sensitive genic male sterile lines and promoting the application of YS thermo-sensitive genie male sterile lines in two-line hybrid wheat production system.