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城市化改变了洪水形成的天然下垫面条件,对洪水形成影响较大。城市化将加大流域坡面汇流及河槽汇流的速度,缩短汇流时间,径流系数明显增大,致使洪峰流量,洪量增加。文章以集宁区友谊水库设计洪水计算为例,考虑城市化对洪水的影响,经过分析研究后,确定友谊水库多年平均洪峰流量加大10%,24 h洪量加大60%左右。
Urbanization changed the natural underlying surface condition formed by the flood and had a great impact on flood formation. Urbanization will increase the rate of confluence and river confluence in the watershed, shorten the confluence time and significantly increase the runoff coefficient, resulting in increased peak flow and flood volume. Taking the calculation of design flood of Friendship Reservoir in Jining District as an example, considering the impact of urbanization on floods, after years of analysis and research, it is determined that the average peak flow of Friendship Reservoir increased by 10% in many years and the flood volume in 24 h increased by 60%.