《甲申文化宣言》的发表是中国当代文化发展史上值得注意的一件事,但《宣言》的学理基础中值得商榷的问题甚多。文化中的不同因素分离论和文化多元论是最值得商榷的两个问题。前者是“中体西用”论的翻版,与文化必须作为受统一的内在精神支配的整体存在的本性相悖。后者则是对自尼采以来流行至今的多元论的附会;其产生的学理上的原因是由于缺乏文化形态学的观念,同时也是由于对文化的普遍性和特殊性的误解。 The publication of the “Declaration on Jia Shen Culture” is a notable issue in the history of the development of contemporary Chinese culture. However, there are many problems worthy of discussion in the theoretical basis of the Declaration. The different elements of culture and cultural pluralism are the two most open questions. The former is a replica of the theory of “Western Learning in China,” which runs counter to the overall existence of culture that must be governed by a unified internal spirit. The latter is an adjunct to pluralism that has prevailed since Nietzsche; the reason for its rationale stems from a lack of notions of cultural morphology but also misunderstandings of the universality and particularity of culture.