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临床一般认为口咽部鳞状细胞癌发病与烟草、酒精等传统危险因素相关,但20%~30%患者并无吸烟或酗酒等危险因素,人乳头状瘤病毒可能是其发生口咽部鳞状细胞癌的原因。人乳头状瘤病毒引起癌变,可能因2个病毒癌基因和非结构蛋白(E6和E7)通过对P53和视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白发挥抑制作用而引起。人乳头状瘤病毒阳性口咽部鳞状细胞癌患者较人乳头状瘤病毒阴性者预后好。目前口咽部鳞状细胞癌的标准治疗方案并不取决于人乳头状瘤病毒阴性或阳性。最近临床研究的焦点是对人乳头状瘤病毒阳性口咽部鳞状细胞癌患者降低治疗强度的意义。本文对人乳头状瘤病毒阳性口咽部鳞状细胞癌的治疗现状作一综述。
Clinicians generally believe that the incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and tobacco, alcohol and other traditional risk factors, but 20% to 30% of patients without smoking or alcohol and other risk factors, HPV may be its occurrence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma The cause of somatic cell carcinoma. Human papillomavirus causes cancer and may be caused by the inhibition of P53 and retinoblastoma proteins by two viral oncogenes and nonstructural proteins (E6 and E7). Human papillomavirus-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients than human papillomavirus negative prognosis. The current standard treatment of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma does not depend on human papilloma virus negative or positive. Recent clinical research has focused on reducing the intensity of treatment for patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma of the human papillomavirus. This article reviews the current status of human papillomavirus positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.