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语言延迟尚无统一的标准,有些作者提出18个月小儿尚未学会10个单音节词和3～4岁仍无语言表现者应进行专门检查。但不管怎样,儿科医生对可疑的语言延迟小儿,应进行表达语言、接受语言、一般发育和听力的筛查。表达语言是指小儿的言语表现,包括发音、词汇和句子结构。Denever发育筛查试验(DDST)并不适用。可使用两种评分法,一种称为早期语言阶段发育评分(ELM),另一种称为临床语言与听力阶段发育评分(CLAMS)。还有一种称为接受、表达和紧急语言评分(REEL),可指示语言延迟的程度。接受语言是指小儿对词与句的理解能力。可使用ELM与CLAMS评分法或REEL试验,但在18～36个月的小儿其检测项目,较表达语言的项目明显为少。REEL有较多的检查项目,但检查者需有一定的经验,否则,检查时将遇到很大困难。
There is no uniform standard for language delays. Some authors suggest that children who have not learned 10 monosyllabic words for 18 months and those who still have no speech at 3 to 4 years of age should undergo special examinations. However, in any case, pediatricians with suspicious language delays in pedagogy should be screened for speech, language, general development and hearing. Expression language refers to children’s speech performance, including pronunciation, vocabulary and sentence structure. The Denever Developmental Screening Test (DDST) does not apply. Two scoring methods can be used, one called the ELM and the other CLAMS. There is also a level called Accept, Express, and Emergency Language Score (REEL) that indicates the language’s delay. Accepting the language refers to children’s ability to understand words and sentences. ELM and CLAMS scoring or REEL tests can be used, but in 18 to 36 months of age children have significantly fewer tests than those that express language. REEL has more inspection items, but inspectors need to have some experience, otherwise, inspection will encounter great difficulties.