部族问题将长期困扰黑非洲葛公尚从族体构成及民族过程的状态言，当今非洲５３个国家中，黑非洲（含非洲之角）大陆至少有４０个国家面临着部族问题，换言之，这些国家的民族过程基本上均处于现代民族形成之中。为此，部族作为部落联盟与现代民族之间的过渡族体长期存在是... The issue of tribalism, which has long plagued Black Ge Kachan’s ethnic composition and ethnic processes, said that at present, at least 40 countries in the continent of Africa (including the Horn of Africa) now face tribal problems in 53 African countries. In other words, the ethnic processes of these countries Basically in the formation of the modern nation. For this reason, the long-standing existence of clans as transitional ethnic groups between the tribal alliance and the modern nation is ...