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目的建立皮肤软组织爆炸伤动物模型。方法分别在6只15～20 kg的小白家猪双侧臀部和双侧肩胛部,采用Φ3．6×12电雷管距皮肤不同距离引爆致伤。伤后测量创面面积和深度,并对创伤部位进行X线检查。结果距猪皮肤0、1、2和3 cm各致伤6个创面,伤后6 h创面平均面积分别为(13．08±0．86)、(7．33±0．77)、(2．25±0．47)和(0．00±0．00)cm2;创面平均深度分别为(2．53±0．28)、(1．10±0．13)、(0．45±0．11)和(0．00±0．00)cm;0 cm组6个创面中有3个发生骨折,1 cm组、2 cm组和3 cm组均无骨折发生。结论本实验建立的皮肤软组织爆炸伤模型造成的创面面积和深度较均一,调整致伤距离可以造成轻、中和重度皮肤软组织爆炸伤创面,适合实验研究。
Objective To establish an animal model of skin and soft tissue explosion injury. Methods Bilateral hips and bilateral scapulas of 6 small white domestic pigs weighing 15 ~ 20 kg were detonated with Φ3.6 × 12 electric detonators at different distances from the skin respectively. The wound area and depth were measured after the injury, and X-ray examination of the wound site. Results Six wounds wounding at 0, 1, 2, and 3 cm away from the skin of pigs were averagely (13.08 ± 0.86), (7.33 ± 0.77), (2) (2.5 ± 0.28), (1.10 ± 0.13), (0.45 ± 0) .11) and (0.00 ± 0.00) cm respectively. Fractures occurred in 3 of the 6 wounds in the 0 cm group. No fracture occurred in the 1 cm, 2 cm and 3 cm groups. Conclusions The model of skin and soft tissue blast injury established in this experiment is more uniform in area and depth. Adjusting the injury distance can cause the wounds of mild, moderate and severe skin and soft tissue explosions to be suitable for experimental study.