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传播机理即病原体转换宿主的基本方式。一般由三个相互联系的阶段组成,即病原体由机体特异性定位排出;病原体在外环境停留及病原体重新侵入易感者机体并转移到特异性定位。研究传染病的传播机理有助于深入探讨流行过程特点以及制订有效的预防措施。近年来关于乙型肝炎(以下简称乙肝)的临床、免疫学及流行病学等方面做了大量的研究,但有关乙肝传播机理中的一些问题仍不清楚,对于传播途径仍有不同意见。现仅就有关这方面的情况综合如下:
Propagation mechanism is the basic way that the pathogen transforms the host. Generally consists of three interrelated stages, namely pathogen-specific localization by the body; pathogen stay in the external environment and pathogens re-invasion of susceptible body and transferred to a specific location. Studying the transmission mechanism of infectious diseases can help to further explore the characteristics of the epidemic and formulate effective preventive measures. In recent years, there has been a great deal of research on the clinical, immunological and epidemiological aspects of hepatitis B (hereinafter referred to as hepatitis B). However, some problems in the mechanism of hepatitis B transmission remain unclear, and there are still different opinions on the route of transmission. The only relevant information in this regard is as follows: