婴幼儿喉病的突出症状为喘鸣。引起喉鸣的疾病种类甚多,喉科及儿科医生比较熟悉,但对喉以下气道(声门下、气管)先天性狭窄所产生的喘鸣认识不够,在一般的教科书中缺乏记载,一些病儿常被误诊、误治)。近年来随着内窥镜技术和器械的改进,放射学的进展,麻醉科、儿科及喉科医生的通力合作,对这一问题的认识有所提高,现就有关的问题综述如下: [定义及分类]新生儿声门下腔直径≥6mm者为正常,5mm虽小些,但对于呼吸影响不大,4mm者应确定为狭窄,且声门下区组织疏松易水肿,可导致呼吸阻塞。凡是出生时,新生儿声门下腔直径<4mm者即为 The prominent symptom of infant laryngology is wheezing. Throat disease caused by many types of diseases, laryngology and pediatricians are more familiar with, but laryngeal airway (subglottic, trachea) constipation stenosis caused by inadequate understanding of the general lack of textbooks, some diseases Children are often misdiagnosed, mistreatment). In recent years, with the improvement of endoscopic techniques and devices, advances in radiology, and the cooperation of anesthesia, pediatric and throat surgeons, there has been an increase in awareness of this issue. The relevant issues are summarized as follows: [Definition And classification] Neonatal subglottic diameter ≥ 6mm were normal, 5mm smaller, but little effect on breathing, 4mm should be identified as stenosis, and subglottic tissue loose easily edema, can lead to respiratory blockage. All births, neonatal subglottic diameter <4mm who is