十分高兴地读到老友徐则浩同志的新著:《从俘虏到战友———记八路军、新四军的敌军工作》。瓦解敌军,历来是中国共产党领导的军队的政治工作重要原则之一。但要在反抗日本侵略的战争中做好这项工作,它的难度远远超出人们通常所能想象的程度。尽管日本士兵大多来自劳动者,本人也是侵华战争的受害者,可是,有别于以往的国内战争,它是发生在两个不同民族之间的战争,民族感情是个不可忽视的因素;日本军国主义者又长期在军队中灌输“武士道”精神,抹杀他们发动侵略战争的非正义性,仿佛只要“为国捐躯”便是无上光荣,而放下武器(更不用说掉转枪口)却是奇耻大辱;再加上语言等种种困难,使这项工作愈加难上加难。我读过一本《朝日新闻》来信汇编的《战争:日本人记忆中的二战》。这本书的编者法兰克·吉伯尼在谈到被俘日本士兵的艰难处境后写道:“在大多数情况下,中共对待俘虏相当宽大,只是一个劲地让他们接受教育。”当事人的来信也充分说明这个事实。八路军、新四军的敌军工作是很有成效的,它使不少日本士兵实现了“从俘虏到战友”的转变;他们不是个别地而是成批地重上战场同八路军、新四军并肩作战,在战后又回国成为中日两国人民友好事业的积极推进者。这确实能使没有经历过这场事变的年轻人感到惊讶:看起来似乎难以想象的事情怎么竟能成为事实;也会使他们接触到这个问题时产生一种悬念,想进一步了解它是怎样做到的。徐则浩同志这部新著正是力图回答这个问题。我一直知道他近年来在王稼祥研究上作出了突出贡献,没有想到他在年过七十以后又写出这样一部专著。粗粗读了本书后才知道:他这位有心人用二十多年的时间搜集和积累资料,以深厚的史学功力,将纷繁而分散的原始资料进行细心的梳理和分析,尽可能用可靠的事实来说话,对这个十分重要而过去却缺少认真研究的问题作出了系统的明白的说明。安徽人民出版社要我为这本书写几句话。以上这些,只能说是自己读后一些粗浅感受,也多少是表示对这本著作出版的祝贺之意。2004年6月16日 I am very pleased to read the new book by Comrade Xu Zehao, an old friend: “From prisoners to comrades in arms - remember the Eighth Route Army and the enemy army of the New Fourth Army.” Disintegration of the enemy forces has always been one of the important principles in the political work of the army under the leadership of the CPC. However, to do this work well in the war against Japanese aggression is far more difficult than it is usually conceivable. Although most Japanese soldiers come from laborers and themselves as victims of the invasion of China, unlike the previous domestic wars, which were the wars that took place between the two different ethnic groups, ethnic feelings were a factor that could not be ignored. The Japanese military For a long time, they have instilled the spirit of “warrior road” in the army and denied them the injustice of waging a war of aggression. It seems that as long as “sacrificing their life for the country” is supreme, it is a shame to lay down their weapons (not to mention the revolver) ; Coupled with all kinds of difficulties such as language, make this job harder and harder. I have read “The War: World War II in Japanese Memory” compiled and compiled by an Asahi Shimbun letter. Commenting on the difficult situation of captured Japanese soldiers, Frank Gebgny, the editor of the book, wrote: “In most cases, the CCP treats prisoners as lenient and just keeps educating them.” Letter from the parties Also fully explain this fact. The Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army’s enemy work was very fruitful. It enabled many Japanese soldiers to realize their “transformation from prisoners to their comrades-in-arms.” Instead of individually and massively re-entering the battlefield with the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army in battles, Returning to China after the war has become an active promoter of the people-friendly cause in both China and Japan. This can indeed surprise young people who have not experienced the incident: how it seems unimaginable can become a reality; it also creates a suspense when they come into contact with this issue and wants to learn more about how it is done To Comrade Xu Zehao is trying to answer this question. I have always known that he made outstanding contributions to Wang Jiaxiang’s research in recent years. He did not think he wrote such a monograph after seventy. After reading the book, I learned that he was a man of conscience who collected and accumulated data for more than 20 years and carefully analyzed and analyzed the numerous and scattered sources of raw materials with his profound historical skill. , A clear and systematic explanation of this very important issue which lacks serious study in the past. Anhui People’s Publishing House asked me to write a few words for this book. All of these can only be said to be some superficial feelings after reading, and how much they are meant to express their congratulation on the publication of this book. June 16, 2004