20世纪40年代,侵华日军在浙赣沿线实施细菌战,致使数万人患上相关疾病。衢州市作为重灾区之一,目前仍有许多因当年细菌战患上“烂脚病”的受害者,常年生活在病痛之中。2009年5月,衢州市柯城区人民医院在浙江率先启动“烂脚病”医疗救助试点工作,为“烂脚病”患者提供免费治疗。在治疗过程中形成了一批珍贵的档案资料。本文通过对“烂脚病”的认识及相关诊疗档案的收集、整理现状的分析,提出一些建议,以充分发挥这些档案的作用,为细菌战受害者向日本方面进行民间诉讼提供证据。 In the 1940s, the Japanese aggressor troops carried out a bacterial war along the Zhejiang-Jiangxi border, causing tens of thousands of people to suffer from the disease. As one of the hardest hit areas in Quzhou City, there are still many victims suffering from “Bacteriosis” in that year’s germ warfare, living in pain all the year round. May 2009, Quzhou City People’s Hospital of Kecheng in Zhejiang took the lead in launching a “rotten foot disease” medical aid pilot work for the “rotten foot disease ” patients with free treatment. In the course of treatment formed a number of precious archives. Based on the analysis of the status quo and the collection and arrangement of related medical records, this article puts forward some suggestions to give full play to the role of these files in providing evidence for the victims of bacterial wars to conduct civil litigation in Japan.